Thanks everyone for all of your input. To answer some questions from some of the posters:
1. Henry goes out several times during the day--I'd say maybe once every hour, unless I leave (then he's crated and fine until I get back.) He rings a bell to go out.
2. I always take him out after he eats and after I take him out of his crate.
3. He usually needs to go out after playing w/ Molly (my other golden)--even if he's only been out 30 minutes prior to that.
4. I use a cleaner called Urine Gone to clean both my hardwood floors and the carpets. It supposedly gets rid of the urine smell. However, I cannot vouch for this 100%, as I don't have the nose of a golden!
5. I have cleaned the carpets w/ my own carpet shampooer, but I think I will call a professional service. I guess I've been waiting to call the service until he's fully potty-trained...
6. He drinks a normal amount of water and a little extra if he has been playing w/ Molly. He urinates in accordance w/ water consumption. He never leaks urine, nor do I find random drops. His urine seems to be normal in color. I'm not thinking UTI...
His accidents usually occur when I don't take a bell ringing request seriously (or quickly enough.) Sometimes he'll ring the bell 30 minutes after being out and pottied, and I think, "Seriously? You were JUST out!" My bad.
I guess I'm just trying to figure out a way for him to learn to hold his potty just a wee bit (pun intended) longer--just for a few hours if he is out and about in the house. I'm perfectly okay with taking him out several times during the day, but I would also like to be able to get my work done with just a few less interruptions. I know I could crate him for awhile here and there, but he's already crated at night and also if I have to leave the house, so I would prefer not to add to his crate time. Hmmm...